Treccani History of Science

Science in the Medieval West

D2 – The rise of a European science

Edited by John North, Robert Halleux
Relations between eastern and western knowledge
Juan Vernet Ginés, Julio Samsó, Charles S.F. Burnett, Pietro B. Rossi, Tzvi Langermann
• 1. The medieval European scientific translations – Towards a typology of translations
• 2. The first period of scientific translation from Arabic
• 3. The systematic translations of the XIIth Century
• 4. The translations of the XIIIth Century
• 5. Translations from Greek
• 6. Hebrew translations
Schools, courts and universities
Hilde de Ridder-Symoens
• 1. Abbeys.
• 2. Secular Chapters.
• 3. Lay schools and academies.
• 4. The University.
• 5. The court as a centre of learning.
• 6. The guilds as developers of technology.
The transmission of knowledge
Jacqueline Hamesse
• 1. The text
• 2. Images and scientific instruments
The structure of learning
Alfonso Maierù
• 1. The classification of knowledge
• 2. The new literary genres
Science and popular culture
Tony Hunt
• 1. Medicine and craft.
• 2. Prognostication and experimenta
Augustinianism and Aristotelianism
Daniel A. Di Liscia
• 1. Philosophy of light: Roberto Grossatesta
• 7. Philosophy of light: Roger Bacon
• 8. Between radical Aristotelianism and Christian wisdom
• 9. Philosophy of light: Witelo and Peckham
• 10. The condemnation of 1277
The Pseudo-Aristotle and comparable traditions
Graziella Federici Vescovini
• 1. The Pseudo-Aristotle
• 2. Pseudo-Galen
• 3. The Pseudo-Hippocrates
Mathematics
Menso Folkerts, Richard P. Lorch, Anne Tihon
• 1. Mathematics in Latin Europe
• 2. Transmission and treatment of the Archimedean treatises
• 3. Byzantine mathematics
Astronomy, astrology and mathematical geography
John D. North, Anne Tihon, Graziella Federici Vescovini, Uta Lindgren
• 1. Mathematical astronomy in Latin Europe
• 2. Mathematical astronomy in Byzantium
• 3. Medieval astrology
• 4. The calendar
• 5. Mathematical geography
Music
Christian Meyer
• 1. General remarks
• 2. Sound and hearing
• 3. Music and time
• 4. Classifications and definitions of music
• 5. Music and its effects
Cosmology
Edward Grant
• 1. The sources of cosmology: the texts.
• 2. The medieval Cosmos.
• 3. The impact of cosmology on literature.
The world’s infinity eternity
Johannes M.M.H. Thijssen
• 1. The infinite.
• 2. The world’s eternity.
• 3. The mathematics of the infinite.
Optics, science of weights and kinematics
Katherine Tachau, John D. North, Johannes M.M.H. Thijssen
• 1. Perspectiva: The science of light, colour and perception
• 2. The science of weights
• 3. Kinematics in the 14th century
The science of matter and life in the Aristotelian context
Stefano Caroti, Baudouin van den Abeele, Graziella Federici Vescovini
• 1. Generation and corruption
• 2. Geology and meteorology
• 3. Theories about the soul
• 4. Books on animals
• 5. The influence of hermeticism
Medicine, surgery and pharmacology
Nancy G. Siraisi, Giovanna Ferrari, Piero Morpurgo, Jean-Noël Biraben
• 1. Medicine as a branch of learning
• 2. Surgery and surgical instruments
• 3. Pharmacology, herbariums and recipes
• 4. The evolution of the pathological environment
Ethical and social aspects of medicine
Chiara Crisciani, Jole Agrimi, Monica H. Green, Graziella Federici Vescovini
• 1. Infirmitas, spiritual therapy and medicine
• 2. The medical professions
• 3. Medicine for women
• 4. Medicine, physiognomy, astrology and magic
Mechanical arts
Robert Halleux, Emmanuel Poulle, Christian Meyer, Baudouin van den Abeele
• 1. Technical knowledge and science from the twelfth to the fifteenth century
• 2. Astronomical instruments and the measurement of time
• 3. Technological aspects of music
• 4. Hunting and fishing
Alchemy in the Latin and Greek Middle Ages
Robert Halleux
• 1. Greek-Egyptian and Byzantine alchemy
• 2. The introduction of Arab alchemy in Western Europe and the rise of Latin alchemy
• 3. Scholastic alchemy: Dominicans and Franciscans
• 4. Crisis and redeployment of alchemy
The encyclopaedic tradition and the description of the world from the 12th to the 15th centuries
Baudouin van den Abeele
• 1. Latin encyclopaedias
• 2. Encyclopaedias in the vernacular
• 3. Encyclopaedias and sciences
Science in the commentaries on Peter Lombard’s Sententiae
Edward Grant
• 1. Theology and natural philosophy in the 13th Century.
• 2. The natural philosophy in the commentaries to the Sententiae.
Theory and practice in the Middle Ages
Guy Beaujouan
• 1. The Early Middle Ages
• 2. The changes of the twelfth century
• 3. The new approach to the mechanical arts of the thirteenth century
• 4. Some indicative aspects of the relationship between theory and practice