Treccani History of Science
The Nineteenth Century
H4 – Chemistry
Edited by David M. Knight
A new science
Chemical education: research, teaching and learning
• 1. Higher education in the eighteenth century: the French case.
• 2. The German situation.
• 3. The ‘Liebig method’ in France.
• 4. The situation in Great Britain.
• 5. Further developments in Germany and France
• 6. The professional chemistry
Chemistry and institutions
• 1. Nationalism or cosmopolitanism
• 2. The empire of chemistry
• 3. The Berzelius case
• 4. The Liebig case
• 5. The international of chemistry. Karlsruhe 1860
• 6. Which country for chemistry?
Chemistry displayed: great exhibitions and museum
• 1. Public lectures on chemistry.
• 2. The educational museums and the great exhibitions.
Chemistry and industry at the beginning of the Century
• 1. The three innovations of the chemical industry
• 2. War and chemical events
• 3. The role of institutions between science and industry
• 4. New industrial sectors
• 5. Theoretical or industrial chemistry
• 6. Chemistry and industry in Germany
Laboratory practice and chemical analysis
• 1. The 19th century chemical laboratory.
• 2. Fundamental techniques
• 3. Era of ‘small’ chemistry: 1780-1830
• 4. The Gründerzeit of chemical analysis
• 5. Organic analysis
• 6. Molecular weight determination
• 7. Apparatus for generating gases.
• 8. Group analysis
• 9. Golden summer of inorganic chemistry: 1850-1870
• 10. Atomic spectroscopy
• 11. The emergence of ‘big chemistry’: 1865-1900
• 12. Organic synthesis
• 13. The Government Laboratory, London
Chemistry of forces
• 1. Historical background: static electricity and galvanism
• 2. Invention of the voltaic pile
• 3. Humphry Davy’s electrochemistry
• 4. Jöns Jacob Berzelius’s experimental work on electrochemistry
• 5. Faraday’s experimental research on electricity